What component of hair is primarily responsible for its color?

The primary component responsible for the color of hair is melanin, which is a pigment produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. Melanin comes in various forms, contributing to a range of hair colors from blonde to black, as well as different shades in between. The amount, type, and distribution of melanin in the hair cortex determine the specific color that is perceived.

Keratins are proteins that make up the structural framework of the hair, providing strength and resilience, but they do not influence the color. Similarly, water and fatty acids are also essential for hair health and maintenance but do not play a role in imparting color to the hair. Thus, melanin stands out as the crucial factor for hair pigmentation.